Carbon Compounds
A. What are Carbon Compounds?
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B. Properties of Carbon
Chemical Properties:
- Organic Chemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the compounds of carbon: originally confined to compounds produced by living organisms but now extended to include man-made substances based on carbon, as said by the Free Dictionary.
- One of the properties that makes Carbon unique is its ability to create four covalent bonds allowing it to link to itself in order to create carbon chains of various lengths and configurations, or to connect to non-carbon atoms in order to form compounds with unique and specialized chemical properties.
- Hydrogen in carbon chemistry acts as an "end adapter". When a carbon atom links to a hydrogen atom the carbon chain ends. This relationship between carbon and hydrogen makes the study of a class of chemicals called "Hydrocarbons" which consist of combinations of only Hydrogen and Carbon atoms.
C. Biomacromolecules
Biomolecule is a molecule that occurs in living organisms. Biomolecules consist of carbon and hydrogen, along with nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur. There is a large variety of biomolecules, including polymers and monomers.
Monomers:
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Polymers
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D. Three Mayor Types of Macromolecules
- Proteins
- Carbohydrates
- Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides consist of three parts:
- Phosphate
- Monosaccharide: Ribose (in ribonucleotides) or Deoxyribose, which lacks a 2' -OH (in deoxyribonucleotides)
- A base: Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary, or genetic, information. The two kinds of nucleic acids are: ribonucleic acid (RNA) and dexyribonucleic acid (DNA)
E. What is Polymerization?Polymerization according to Cliff Notes is '' a process by which an organic compounds reacts with itself to form a high‐molecular‐weight compound composed of repeating units of the original compound.''
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F. What are lipids and why they are important?Lipids are not soluble in water. Lipids are made from carbon and hydrogen atoms. Fats, oils, and waxes are common categories of lipids. Lipids are used to store energy. Steroids are another example of lipids. Lipids are formed when a glycerol molecule combines with fatty acids.
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